Teano
Poco sabemos de Pitágoras y los pitagóricos, debido a su afán por ocultar sus descubrimientos. En muchos casos no sabemos a quién atribuir los logros que alcanzaron, así que sobre Teano no hay documentación muy fiable.
Sabemos que, aunque pertenecía a una comunidad muy conservadora, se aceptaban a las mujeres como miembros de la comunidad con los mismos derechos y deberes que los hombres. En la Vida de Pitágoras de Giamblico hay un listado de estudiantes de la escuela pitagórica en la que figuran 17 mujeres, por lo que vamos a personalizar en Teano a todas aquellas que hicieron matemáticas con Pitágoras.
Teano era hija del físico Brontino; fue discípula de Pitágoras y se casó con él a pesar de la diferencia de edad (unos 30 años). De hecho, en algunos escritos aparece como hija de Pitágoras. A la muerte de Pitágoras tomó las riendas de la escuela pitagórica con la ayuda de sus hijas Damo, María y Arignote. Se le atribuyen los siguientes escritos:
- Vida de Pitágoras
- Cosmología
- Teorema de la proporción aurea
- Teoría de números
- Construcción del universo
- Sobre la virtud
Veamos lo que dice Diógenes Laercio sobre Teano:
… Y Pitágoras tenía una esposa , llamada Teano, hija de Brotino Crotoniata. Pero algunos dicen que ella era la esposa de Brotino, y sólo alumna de Pitágoras. Y ella tenía una hija llamada Damo, mencionada por Lysis en su carta a Hiparco, donde dice de Pitágoras “Y muchos dicen que filosofas en público, como solía hacer Pitágoras; quien, cuando le confió sus Comentarios a Damo, su hija, le encargó que no lo divulgara a nadie que no fuera de la casa. Y ella, aunque podría haber vendido sus discursos por mucho dinero, no lo haría, porque su voto de pobreza y obediencia a su padre valía más que el oro.[…] ningún escrito dejó Telauges; pero quedan algunos de su madre Teano”.
También se menciona a Teano en este precioso epigrama de Sócrates (no el filósofo) que se conserva en la Antología Palatina:
- Dime, retoño predilecto de las Musas, Pitágoras ilustre, ¿cuántos cerca de ti descienden a competir en la asamblea filosófica, cosechando grandes éxitos?
- Escucha Polícrates: la mitad de ellos se dedica a fondo a fascinantes problemas de cálculo; un cuarto reflexiona sobre la naturaleza inmortal; un séptimo vive en total silencio y en un eterno diálogo interno; tres son mujeres, entre las que sobresale Teano. Esos son los profetas de las Musas de la Pieira de las cuales son guías.”
No es muy difícil averiguar el número de estudiantes ¿verdad?
Para saber más…
La razón áurea
El símbolo pitagórico era el pentagrama: la estrella de cinco puntas que se forma uniendo los vértices de un pentágono regular dejando uno en medio.
Pues bien, si dividimos la longitud de la diagonal entre la longitud del lado sale siempre el mismo número. Este número es conocido como la razón áurea, la divina proporción o el número de oro.
Este número se representa con la letra griega 
(phi) parece que en homenaje al escultor Fidias que la utilizó para la proporción de sus estatuas.
Para ampliar nuestros conocimientos sobre la Razón Áurea, te invito a ver al Pato Donald intentando entender qué es eso de la proporción divina y si él cumple esta proporción. ¿Crees que será así?
Si tienes interés en saber cómo se calcula phi, mira este vídeo y verás cómo usando ecuaciones 
Podemos aprender a dibujar segmentos, rectángulos y espirales áureas desde esta página. ¡Inténtalo!, es sencillo.
Bueno, hemos hablado mucho de la proporción áurea y su relación con los cánones de belleza (su utilización en el arte occidental, en la arquitectura, …). Pero no es la única proporción que se ha utilizado para estas manifestaciones humanas. ¿Sabías que existe una proporción llamada “Proporción Cordobesa” que se ha utilizado en grandes obras arquitectónicas?. ¿Qué obra muy conocida crees que la usa?.
he mirado en internet y puedo añadir lo siguiente:
se le considera la 1ª mujer matemática .
pertenecia a una sociedadmuy conservadora y aceptaba a las mujeres como miembros de la comunidad con los mismos derechos y deberes que los hombres.
Se le conoce por la razon aurea o numero de oro .
difundio los conocimientos matematicos por toda Grecia y Egipto.
Tenia tres hijas tambien grandes matematicas.
Buscando en internet descubrí que estaba prohibido
hablar en público de los descubrimientos de Pitágoras . A la muerte de Pitágoras ,su hija Damo decidío seguir guardando el secreto de la escuela . Aunque diundío junto con Teano , su madre los conocimientos matemáticos por Egipto y Grecia .
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